Automatic and strategic effects in the guidance of attention by working memory representations.

Acta Psychologica
Nancy B Carlisle, Geoffrey F Woodman

Abstract

Theories of visual attention suggest that working memory representations automatically guide attention toward memory-matching objects. Some empirical tests of this prediction have produced results consistent with working memory automatically guiding attention. However, others have shown that individuals can strategically control whether working memory representations guide visual attention. Previous studies have not independently measured automatic and strategic contributions to the interactions between working memory and attention. In this study, we used a classic manipulation of the probability of valid, neutral, and invalid cues to tease apart the nature of such interactions. This framework utilizes measures of reaction time (RT) to quantify the costs and benefits of attending to memory-matching items and infer the relative magnitudes of automatic and strategic effects. We found both costs and benefits even when the memory-matching item was no more likely to be the target than other items, indicating an automatic component of attentional guidance. However, the costs and benefits essentially doubled as the probability of a trial with a valid cue increased from 20% to 80%, demonstrating a potent strategic effect. We also show ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 13, 2011·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Yi Pan, Qiu-Ping Cheng
Aug 7, 2013·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Nancy B Carlisle, Geoffrey F Woodman
Apr 25, 2012·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Anastasia KiyonagaDavid Soto
Dec 5, 2012·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Melonie WilliamsGeoffrey F Woodman
Dec 13, 2012·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Anastasia Kiyonaga, Tobias Egner
Sep 5, 2013·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·J D Silvis, S Van der Stigchel
Oct 22, 2013·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Yi PanDavid Soto
Jun 15, 2011·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Christian N L OliversPieter R Roelfsema
Jul 15, 2015·Acta Psychologica·Árni Gunnar ÁsgeirssonClaus Bundesen
Jun 10, 2015·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Christianne Jacobs, Juha Silvanto
Aug 2, 2012·Experimental Psychology·Chun-Yu KuoYei-Yu Yeh
Mar 5, 2015·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Emma Wu DowdStephen R Mitroff
Feb 26, 2014·Cognition & Emotion·Jun MoriyaRudi De Raedt
May 20, 2016·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Yi PanMin Cheng
Dec 9, 2017·Frontiers in Psychology·Edward J GolobJeffrey R Mock
Jul 31, 2018·Perception·Shinyoung JungSuk Won Han
Sep 15, 2018·Cerebral Cortex·Ingmar E J de VriesChristian N L Olivers
Nov 6, 2018·ELife·Anouk Mariette van LoonChristian Nl Olivers
Oct 30, 2018·International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics : JOSE·Mei LiuPei-Luen Patrick Rau
Apr 30, 2020·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·Yi Pan
Oct 28, 2019·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Ziyao ZhangNancy B Carlisle
Aug 4, 2020·Journal of Vision·Garry KongDaryl Fougnie
Apr 3, 2019·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Jason Rajsic, Geoffrey F Woodman
Jan 1, 2019·Visual Cognition·Nancy B Carlisle, Geoffrey F Woodman
Aug 22, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Rebecca A LundwallSteven P Tolboe
Apr 14, 2017·Psychological Research·Nancy B Carlisle, Árni Kristjánsson
Jan 26, 2018·Journal of Cognition·Katya Olmos-SolisChristian N L Olivers

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