Autonomic dysfunction in the neurological intensive care unit

Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society
Max J HilzRuihao Wang

Abstract

Autonomic dysfunction is common in neuro-critical care patients and may compromise the function of various organs. Among the many diseases causing or being associated with autonomic dysfunction are traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular diseases, epilepsy, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), alcohol withdrawal syndrome, botulism and tetanus, among many others. Autonomic dysfunction may afflict various organs and may involve hyper- or hypo-activity of the sympathetic or parasympathetic system. In this short overview, we address only a small number of neuro-intensive care diseases with autonomic dysfunction. In GBS, autonomic dysfunction is frequent and may account for increased mortality rates; rapid changes between sympathetic and parasympathetic hypo- or hyper-activity may cause life-threatening cardiovascular complications. Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity occurs after brain injury, hypoxia and cerebrovascular and other events, causes paroxysmal tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnoea and hyperthermia and is associated with a poorer prognosis and prolonged intensive care treatment. Other, at times life-threatening autonomic complications with exaggerated sympathetic activity and compromised baroreflex sensitivity arise during t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 10, 2021·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·William P CheshireWolfgang Singer
Jan 26, 2021·Revista española de anestesiología y reanimación·D A GodoyF Murillo-Cabezas
Jun 19, 2021·Revista Española De Anestesiología Y Reanimación·D A GodoyF Murillo-Cabezas

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