Autophagy and endocytosis in the amnion

Journal of Structural Biology
Zhong-Ying ShenLi-Jun Tan

Abstract

To search for the origin of nutrition in the amnion, we focused attention on both endocytotic and autophagic pathways. Using ultrastructural and biochemical methods, we examined 20 human amnions at term gestation. The uptake of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used for the detection of endocytosis. Transfection of the LC3-GFP plasmid and staining with monodansylcadaverine (MDC) and LysoTracker red (LTR) were used to demonstrate the formation of autophagic vacuoles. In addition, two autophagic genes, beclin 1 and Atg5, were assayed by RT-PCR. Within the amniotic epithelial (AE) cells, autophagic vacuoles contained organelles and cytoplasmic components and were enclosed by a double membrane. They contained autophagosomes with transfected LC3-GFP that stained positive for MDC and autolysosomes that stained positive for LTR. Endocytosis was an extremely active process in the cellular uptake of fluid and fluid contents and led to formation of vesicles and endosomes, which were found to be positive by HRP test. Many uniform vesicles were collected in the multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Finally, both endosomes and autophagosomes were fused and degraded by lysosomes. The data also demonstrated that large autophagosomes engulfed some endo...Continue Reading

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