Autophagy and tight junction proteins in the intestine and intestinal diseases

Animal Nutrition
Chien-An Andy HuYulong Yin

Abstract

The intestinal epithelium (IE) forms an indispensible barrier and interface between the intestinal interstitium and the luminal environment. The IE regulates water, ion and nutrient transport while providing a barrier against toxins, pathogens (bacteria, fungi and virus) and antigens. The apical intercellular tight junctions (TJ) are responsible for the paracellular barrier function and regulate trans-epithelial flux of ions and solutes between adjacent cells. Increased intestinal permeability caused by defects in the IE TJ barrier is considered an important pathogenic factor for the development of intestinal inflammation, diarrhea and malnutrition in humans and animals. In fact, defects in the IE TJ barrier allow increased antigenic penetration, resulting in an amplified inflammatory response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), necrotizing enterocolitis and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Conversely, the beneficial enhancement of the intestinal TJ barrier has been shown to resolve intestinal inflammation and apoptosis in both animal models of IBD and human IBD. Autophagy (self-eating mechanism) is an intracellular lysosome-dependent degradation and recycling pathway essential for cell survival and homeostasis. Dysregulated autop...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 19, 2018·International Journal of Radiation Biology·Laura E EwingIgor Koturbash
Feb 8, 2019·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Imam HossenXiao Junsong
Jun 8, 2017·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Yongjian XiongHuishu Guo
Aug 8, 2018·Nutrients·Leila Abdelhamid, Xin M Luo
Dec 8, 2020·Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology·Dong Li LiYuan-Yuan Gong
Mar 16, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Maria Paz Hernández-CáceresCristina Bertocchi
Apr 29, 2021·Autophagy·Elisabeth G FoersterDana J Philpott
Oct 30, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Bing ZhengQiang Yu

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsies
lipidation

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