Autophagy mediates phosphatidylserine exposure and phagosome degradation during apoptosis through specific functions of GABARAP/LGG-1 and LC3/LGG-2

Autophagy
Céline JenzerRenaud Legouis

Abstract

Phagocytosis and macroautophagy/autophagy are 2 processes involved in lysosome-mediated clearance of extracellular and intracellular components, respectively. Recent studies have identified the recruitment of the autophagic protein LC3 during phagocytosis of apoptotic corpses in what is now called LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP). LAP is a distinct process from autophagy but it relies on some members of the autophagy pathway to allow efficient degradation of the phagocytosed cargo. We investigated whether both LC3/LGG-2 and GABARAP/LGG-1 are involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic corpses during embryonic development of Caenorhabditis elegans. We discovered that both LGG-1 and LGG-2 are involved in the correct elimination of apoptotic corpses, but that they have different functions. lgg-1 and lgg-2 mutants present a delay in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells but genetic analyses indicate that LGG-1 and LGG-2 act upstream and downstream of the engulfment pathways, respectively. Moreover, LGG-1 and LGG-2 display different cellular localizations with enrichment in apoptotic corpses and phagocytic cells, respectively. For both LGG-1 and LGG-2, subcellular localization is vesicular and dependent on UNC-51/ULK1, BEC-1/BECN1 and the lipi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 29, 2020·Cell Death and Differentiation·Elizabeth A Allen, Eric H Baehrecke
Jun 15, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Syena SarrafpourAlfred Fonteh
Feb 13, 2021·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part D, Genomics & Proteomics·Yuning HuLei Xu
Mar 19, 2021·The Journal of Cell Biology·Yanfang ChenRenaud Legouis
Apr 18, 2020·Developmental Cell·Birgit GerischAdam Antebi

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