Auxin regulates endosperm cellularization in Arabidopsis

Genes & Development
Rita A BatistaClaudia Köhler

Abstract

The endosperm is an ephemeral tissue that nourishes the developing embryo, similar to the placenta in mammals. In most angiosperms, endosperm development starts as a syncytium, in which nuclear divisions are not followed by cytokinesis. The timing of endosperm cellularization largely varies between species, and the event triggering this transition remains unknown. Here we show that increased auxin biosynthesis in the endosperm prevents its cellularization, leading to seed arrest. Auxin-overproducing seeds phenocopy paternal-excess triploid seeds derived from hybridizations of diploid maternal plants with tetraploid fathers. Concurrently, auxin-related genes are strongly overexpressed in triploid seeds, correlating with increased auxin activity. Reducing auxin biosynthesis and signaling reestablishes endosperm cellularization in triploid seeds and restores their viability, highlighting a causal role of increased auxin in preventing endosperm cellularization. We propose that auxin determines the time of endosperm cellularization, and thereby uncovered a central role of auxin in establishing hybridization barriers in plants.

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Citations

Mar 4, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jinshan CaoYouning Wang
Dec 5, 2019·Annals of Botany·Ulla Neumann, Angela Hay
Aug 29, 2019·The New Phytologist·Anthoni PellizzaroJulia Buitink
Jan 25, 2020·Trends in Genetics : TIG·Peggy Ozias-Akins, Joann A Conner
Apr 20, 2021·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Claudia KöhlerGerardo Del Toro-De León
Jan 12, 2021·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Franziska Fichtner, John Edward Lunn
Apr 26, 2021·The Plant Cell·Taliesin J KinserJoshua R Puzey
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Joanna RojekMałgorzata Gutkowska

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