Avalanche Carrier Multiplication in Multilayer Black Phosphorus and Avalanche Photodetector

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Jingyuan JiaSungjoo Lee

Abstract

A highly sensitive avalanche photodetector (APD) is fabricated by utilizing the avalanche multiplication mechanism in black phosphorus (BP), where a strong avalanche multiplication of electron-hole pairs is observed. Owing to the small bandgap (0.33 eV) of the multilayer BP, the carrier multiplication occurs at a significantly lower electric field than those of other 2D semiconductor materials. In order to further enhance the quantum efficiency and increase the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, Au nanoparticles (NPs) are integrated on the BP surface, which improves the light absorption by plasmonic effects. The BP-Au-NPs structure effectively reduces both dark current (≈10 times lower) and onset of avalanche electric field, leading to higher carrier multiplication, photogain, quantum efficiency, and S/N ratio. For the BP-Au-NPs APD, it is obtained that the external quantum efficiency (EQE) is 382 and the responsivity is 160 A W-1 at an electric field of 5 kV cm-1 (Vd ≈ 3.5 V, note that for the BP APD, EQE = 4.77 and responsivity = 2 A W-1 obtained at the same electric field). The significantly increased performance of the BP APD is promising for low-power-consumption, high-sensitivity, and low-noise photodevice applications, which c...Continue Reading

References

May 8, 2014·Nature Nanotechnology·Hugh O H Churchill, Pablo Jarillo-Herrero
May 14, 2014·Nano Letters·Michele BuscemaAndres Castellanos-Gomez
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Apr 21, 2017·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·Vincenzo AmendolaMaria Antonia Iatì

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Citations

Aug 9, 2021·Advanced Science·Junseok SeoTakhee Lee
May 10, 2020·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Wenjie DengYongzhe Zhang

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