Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Egypt.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
Ghazi KayaliMohamed A Ali

Abstract

In Egypt, avian influenza A subtype H5N1 and H9N2 viruses are enzootic in poultry. The control plan devised by veterinary authorities in Egypt to prevent infections in poultry focused mainly on vaccination and ultimately failed. Recently, widespread H5N1 infections in poultry and a substantial increase in the number of human cases of H5N1 infection were observed. We summarize surveillance data from 2009 through 2014 and show that avian influenza viruses are established in poultry in Egypt and are continuously evolving genetically and antigenically. We also discuss the epidemiology of human infection with avian influenza in Egypt and describe how the true burden of disease is underestimated. We discuss the failures of relying on vaccinating poultry as the sole intervention tool. We conclude by highlighting the key components that need to be included in a new strategy to control avian influenza infections in poultry and humans in Egypt.

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Citations

Sep 9, 2016·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Sean G YoungGhazi Kayali
Jan 25, 2017·Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A·Shimaa M G MansourSagar M Goyal
Mar 23, 2018·BMC Public Health·Ellen C L Geerlings, Claire Heffernan
Dec 20, 2018·International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine·Shimaa M G MansourAmal A M Eid
Jun 28, 2018·Scientific Reports·Ahmed KandeilMohamed A Ali
Mar 12, 2020·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Damien A M PhilipponEric H Y Lau
Mar 1, 2017·The Journal of Microbiology·Rhodri Harfoot, Richard J Webby
Jul 19, 2017·Veterinary World·Hanaa Mohamed Fadel, Rabab Afifi
Feb 5, 2019·Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses·Ahmed S KayedMohamed A Ali
Sep 19, 2019·Emerging Microbes & Infections·Ahmed KandeilMohamed A Ali
Dec 4, 2020·Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·Mohammed A RohaimMuhammad Munir
Mar 4, 2020·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Rabeh El-SheshenyRichard J Webby
Aug 19, 2021·Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness·Waleed M Sweileh
Jan 22, 2022·Reviews in Medical Virology·Mohamed N F Shaheen

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