Avian influenza outbreak management: action at time of confirmation, depopulation and disposal methods; the 'Belgian experience' during the H7N7 highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemic in 2003

Zoonoses and Public Health
T van den Berg, P Houdart

Abstract

Eradication of H5 and H7 influenza in a positive flock will include mass depopulation of birds, containment and inactivation of the virus in the carcasses and litter, and decontamination of the facility. A quick response is desired in the event of a disease outbreak. Ideally, birds should be depopulated within 24 h after detecting the virus. Mass depopulation of birds must be performed in a humane manner while minimizing human health and biosecurity risks. In the framework of the European legislation, a number of methods are authorized for the killing of poultry for processing prior to marketing. However, during emergencies such as a disease outbreak, there are fewer options. The current most commonly used procedures for large-scale emergency depopulation of birds consist of exposing poultry to CO or CO(2) gas. Both gasses have been used in Belgium during the H7N7 crisis in 2003. The gassing procedures include whole house gassing, portable panel enclosures, cage cabinets, containers and polyethylene tent method. Whole house gassing requires sealing the house to prevent gas leakage and, using specialized equipment, introducing large volumes of gas evenly over the birds. All procedures are very labour intensive, create a biosecur...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 30, 2009·Annals of Thoracic Medicine·Hanan Balkhy
Jan 16, 2014·Epidemiology and Infection·E M AbdelwhabT C Mettenleiter
Jun 9, 2009·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Eunok JungTae-Chang Jo
Sep 14, 2014·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·J L GonzalesA A de Koeijer
Feb 9, 2010·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Fernando Sánchez-VizcaínoJosé Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno
May 14, 2014·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Yong-Kook KwonGeum-Sook Hwang
Sep 16, 2018·Viruses·Ahmed MostafaStephan Pleschka
Apr 30, 2013·Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases·Victor O OfulaDavid Schnabel

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