Azacitidine-induced cryptogenic organizing pneumonia: a case report and review of the literature

Journal of Medical Case Reports
Yanal AlnimerKamal Alrabi

Abstract

Myelodysplasia syndrome is a heterogeneous group of hematological disorders that are characterized by abnormal morphology and cytopenias of bone marrow elements. Azacitidine is a hypomethylating agent that is commonly used in treatment of myelodysplasia syndrome. We present an extremely rare case of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia following therapy with azacitidine and a review of the relevant literature. This is the fifth case of azacitidine-induced interstitial lung disease and the sixth one due to hypomethylating drugs; of interest, this is the first reported case that has occurred after the second cycle. Our case report highlights an important, potentially treatable and rare side effect of azacitidine and hypomethylating agents in general that might be overlooked by oncologists. Furthermore, our review of the literature showed heterogeneity in the clinical outcome which might, in part, be due to delay in initiating corticosteroids treatment. A 67-year-old white man presented with worsening shortness of breath and mild productive cough that started 1 week prior to his presentation. An initial chest X-ray showed infiltration of both lung fields. Radiographic findings of computed axial tomography, results of bronchoscopy and ...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1981·Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics·C A NaranjoD J Greenblatt
Jan 30, 2004·Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology·Fabrice BarlésiJean-Pierre Kleisbauer
Jul 17, 2010·American Journal of Therapeutics·Arunabh SekhriDhana R Selvaraj
Jul 17, 2010·Revista portuguesa de pneumologia·Margarida AguiarA Bugalho de Almeida
Jun 3, 2014·Internal Medicine·Junya KurodaMasafumi Taniwaki

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Citations

Feb 22, 2017·Drug Safety - Case Reports·Srimanta Chandra MisraValentina Guarino
Oct 31, 2020·BMJ Case Reports·Paul NguyenAyman Soubani

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
MDS
lavage
biopsy
bronchoalveolar

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