Bacterial Canker Caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis on Greenhouse-Grown Tomato in the Western Mediterranean Region of Turkey

Plant Disease
E BasimJ B Jones

Abstract

During the 2003 winter growing season, a disease occurred on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cvs. Selin, Astona, 198 RN, Malike, and Tulin that were growing in almost all greenhouses of Serik, Aksu, Kumluca, Demre, and Kinik in the Antalya Province, and Keçiborlu, Çandir, and Şeyhler in the Isparta Province in the western Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Disease incidence ranged from 26 to 65%, resulting in economically heavy losses. Symptoms were water-soaked, dark brown-to-black lesions on the leaf margins and asymmetrical wilting of the leaflets. In advanced stages of disease, vascular tissue had a light brown discoloration. A gram-positive bacterium was consistently isolated and formed light gray colonies with internal light gray flecks approximately 2 to 3 mm in diameter on the modified semiselective medium (SCM) (2). Thirty isolates were identified as Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers CMM 5 and CMM 6 on the basis of consistent amplification of a 614-bp DNA fragment (1). The isolates were also identified as C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (similarity 0.810 to 0.888%) using fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis and Sherlock Microbial Identification S...Continue Reading

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