Bacterial oxidation of methyl bromide in fumigated agricultural soils.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Laurence G MillerRonald S Oremland

Abstract

The oxidation of [(sup14)C]methyl bromide ([(sup14)C]MeBr) to (sup14)CO(inf2) was measured in field experiments with soils collected from two strawberry plots fumigated with mixtures of MeBr and chloropicrin (CCl(inf3)NO(inf2)). Although these fumigants are considered potent biocides, we found that the highest rates of MeBr oxidation occurred 1 to 2 days after injection when the fields were tarped, rather than before or several days after injection. No oxidation of MeBr occurred in heat-killed soils, indicating that microbes were the causative agents of the oxidation. Degradation of MeBr by chemical and/or biological processes accounted for 20 to 50% of the loss of MeBr during fumigation, with evasion to the atmosphere inferred to comprise the remainder. In laboratory incubations, complete removal of [(sup14)C]MeBr occurred within a few days, with 47 to 67% of the added MeBr oxidized to (sup14)CO(inf2) and the remainder of counts associated with the solid phase. Chloropicrin inhibited the oxidation of MeBr, implying that use of this substance constrains the extent of microbial degradation of MeBr during fumigation. Oxidation was by direct bacterial attack of MeBr and not of methanol, a product of the chemical hydrolysis of MeBr...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Aug 4, 1998·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·T L HancockR S Oremland
May 16, 2002·Environmental Microbiology·I R McDonaldJ C Murrell
Nov 5, 1999·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·J K Schaefer, R S Oremland
Oct 31, 1998·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·L G MillerR S Oremland
Dec 3, 1998·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·K D GoodwinR S Oremland
Apr 14, 1999·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·T VannelliT Leisinger
Oct 29, 2002·Pest Management Science·Sharon K PapiernikScott R Yates
May 9, 1998·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·M E HinesR C Harriss
Sep 1, 1999·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S E McCauleyD J DePaolo
Dec 13, 2006·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes·Li-Tse OuDonald W Dickson
May 10, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L G MillerA H Goldstein
Jul 27, 2001·FEMS Microbiology Letters·C McAnullaJ C Murrell
Aug 8, 2017·Journal of Food Protection·Joshua B Gurtler
Aug 17, 2005·FEMS Microbiology Letters·Karen L WarnerIan R McDonald
Nov 2, 2014·Frontiers in Microbiology·Thierry NadaligStéphane Vuilleumier
Sep 17, 2005·International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology·Ian R McDonaldRonald S Oremland
May 7, 2003·Environmental Science & Technology·Laurence G MillerRonald S Oremland

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