Bacterial release from pipe biofilm in a full-scale drinking water distribution system

NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes
Sandy ChanPeter Rådström

Abstract

Safe drinking water is delivered to the consumer through kilometres of pipes. These pipes are lined with biofilm, which is thought to affect water quality by releasing bacteria into the drinking water. This study describes the number of cells released from this biofilm, their cellular characteristics, and their identity as they shaped a drinking water microbiome. Installation of ultrafiltration (UF) at full scale in Varberg, Sweden reduced the total cell count to 1.5 × 103 ± 0.5 × 103 cells mL-1 in water leaving the treatment plant. This removed a limitation of both flow cytometry and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, which have difficulties in resolving small changes against a high background cell count. Following installation, 58% of the bacteria in the distributed water originated from the pipe biofilm, in contrast to before, when 99.5% of the cells originated from the treatment plant, showing that UF shifts the origin of the drinking water microbiome. The number of bacteria released from the biofilm into the distributed water was 2.1 × 103 ± 1.3 × 103 cells mL-1 and the percentage of HNA (high nucleic acid) content bacteria and intact cells increased as it moved through the distribution system. DESeq2 analysis of 16S rRNA ampli...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 25, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yvana GlasenappJutta Papenbrock
Sep 27, 2019·Materials·Karin SchwibbertJörg Krüger
Apr 21, 2019·Sensors·Ann-Kathrin KniggendorfBernhard Roth
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Nov 10, 2020·Environmental Research·Weronika GorajWitold Stępniewski
Dec 31, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Sandrine BoivinTakahiro Fujioka

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
amplicon
and flow
amplicon sequencing
FCS
PCR
Assay

Software Mentioned

DESeq2
R
microbiome
PyNAST
ggplot2
USEARCH
pheatmap
phyloseq
FlowJo
QIIME

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