Bacterial Stress and Mortality may be a Source of Cell-free Enzymatic Activity in the Marine Environment

Microbes and Environments
Federico BaltarTaichi Yokokawa

Abstract

Marine microbes play a central role in driving biogeochemical cycles. Microbial extracellular enzymatic activities (EEA) are the 'gatekeeper' of the marine carbon cycle, and these enzymes may be found attached to cells or dissolved (cell-free). Recent studies indicated that the proportion of dissolved enzymatic activity is generally similar to (if not higher than) cell-attached activity. Thus, it is critical to understand the sources and sinks of cell-free EEA in the ocean. We herein empirically tested whether bacterial stress and mortality (induced by mitomycin C) are a source of the cell-free EEA of alkaline phosphatase (APase), beta-glucosidase (BGase), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAPase). We found that bacterial stress and mortality caused relative increases in the proportion of dissolved relative to total EEA of up to 10.5% for APase, 13.5% for BGase, and 7.3% for LAPase. These relative increases in dissolved EEA corresponded to absolute increases in the cell-free pool of 4.8, 7.2, and 3.8% for APase, BGase and LAPase, respectively. Collectively, our results contribute relevant information on the origin of free dissolved extracellular enzymes in marine waters, indicating that bacterial stress and mortality are a source of ...Continue Reading

References

Jan 5, 1999·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·D MarieD Vaulot
Mar 10, 2004·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Corina P D Brussaard
Jan 1, 1990·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·N H AlbertsonS Kjelleberg
May 24, 2008·Science·Paul G FalkowskiEdward F Delong
Feb 19, 2011·Annual Review of Marine Science·Carol Arnosti
Aug 23, 2012·Frontiers in Microbiology·Steven D AllisonAdam C Martiny
Jul 26, 2014·Annual Review of Marine Science·Ronald Benner, Rainer M W Amon
Jan 23, 2018·Frontiers in Microbiology·Federico Baltar

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BETA
flow cytometry

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JMP

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