Bacterial symbionts in human blood-feeding arthropods: Patterns, general mechanisms and effects of global ecological changes

Acta Tropica
J Guillermo Jiménez-CortésPaz M Salazar-Schettino

Abstract

Due to their high impact on public health, human blood-feeding arthropods are one of the most relevant animal groups. Bacterial symbionts have been long known to play a role in the metabolism, and reproduction of these arthropod vectors. Nowadays, we have a more complete picture of their functions, acknowledging the wide influence of bacterial symbionts on processes ranging from the immune response of the arthropod host to the possible establishment of pathogens and parasites. One or two primary symbiont species have been found to co-evolve along with their host in each taxon (being ticks an exception), leading to various kinds of symbiosis, mostly mutualistic in nature. Moreover, several secondary symbiont species are shared by all arthropod groups. With respect to gut microbiota, several bacterial symbionts genera are hosted in common, indicating that these bacterial groups are prone to invade several hematophagous arthropod species feeding on humans. The main mechanisms underlying bacterium-arthropod symbiosis are discussed, highlighting that even primary symbionts elicit an immune response from the host. Bacterial groups in the gut microbiota play a key role in immune homeostasis, and in some cases symbiont bacteria could b...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 31, 2019·Parasites & Vectors·Troy J KieranNicole L Gottdenker
Sep 24, 2020·Microorganisms·Nicolas Salcedo-PorrasCarl Lowenberger
Dec 20, 2020·Medical and Veterinary Entomology·J G Jiménez-CortésP M Salazar-Schettino
Feb 23, 2021·PloS One·Godfrey NattohJeremy Keith Herren
May 4, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Jorge DoñaKevin P Johnson
Apr 25, 2019·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Nicolás Salcedo-Porras, Carl Lowenberger

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