Bacterial Y RNAs: Gates, Tethers, and tRNA Mimics

Microbiology Spectrum
Soyeong Sim, S L Wolin

Abstract

Y RNAs are noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are present in most animal cells and also in many bacteria. These RNAs were discovered because they are bound by the Ro60 protein, a major target of autoantibodies in patients with some systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Studies of Ro60 and Y RNAs in Deinococcus radiodurans, the first sequenced bacterium with a Ro60 ortholog, revealed that they function with 3'-to-5' exoribonucleases to alter the composition of RNA populations during some forms of environmental stress. In the best-characterized example, Y RNA tethers the Ro60 protein to the exoribonuclease polynucleotide phosphorylase, allowing this exoribonuclease to degrade structured RNAs more effectively. Y RNAs can also function as gates to regulate access of other RNAs to the Ro60 central cavity. Recent studies in the enteric bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium resulted in the discovery that Y RNAs are widely present in bacteria. Remarkably, the most-conserved subclass of bacterial Y RNAs contains a domain that mimics tRNA. In this review, we discuss the structure, conservation, and known functions of bacterial Y RNAs as well as the certainty that more bacterial Y RNAs and additional roles for these ncRNAs remain ...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 16, 2019·Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Marco Boccitto, Sandra L Wolin
Jul 15, 2020·Annual Review of Microbiology·Soyeong SimSandra L Wolin
Jan 31, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Tom A P Driedonks, Esther N M Nolte-'t Hoen
Aug 24, 2019·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Nikolay G KolevChristian Tschudi
Feb 6, 2021·Biological Chemistry·Daniel RyanAlexander J Westermann
Feb 19, 2021·Nature Reviews. Genetics·Alexander J Westermann, Jörg Vogel
Apr 27, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Milan GerovacAlexandre Smirnov

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