Basal Ganglia Neuromodulation Over Multiple Temporal and Structural Scales-Simulations of Direct Pathway MSNs Investigate the Fast Onset of Dopaminergic Effects and Predict the Role of Kv4.2

Frontiers in Neural Circuits
Robert LindroosJeanette Hellgren Kotaleski

Abstract

The basal ganglia are involved in the motivational and habitual control of motor and cognitive behaviors. Striatum, the largest basal ganglia input stage, integrates cortical and thalamic inputs in functionally segregated cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loops, and in addition the basal ganglia output nuclei control targets in the brainstem. Striatal function depends on the balance between the direct pathway medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) that express D1 dopamine receptors and the indirect pathway MSNs that express D2 dopamine receptors. The striatal microstructure is also divided into striosomes and matrix compartments, based on the differential expression of several proteins. Dopaminergic afferents from the midbrain and local cholinergic interneurons play crucial roles for basal ganglia function, and striatal signaling via the striosomes in turn regulates the midbrain dopaminergic system directly and via the lateral habenula. Consequently, abnormal functions of the basal ganglia neuromodulatory system underlie many neurological and psychiatric disorders. Neuromodulation acts on multiple structural levels, ranging from the subcellular level to behavior, both in health and disease. For example, neuromodulation affects membrane ex...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 2, 2020·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Robert Lindroos, Jeanette Hellgren Kotaleski
Jan 17, 2020·Nature Communications·Oren AmsalemIdan Segev
Apr 24, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J J Johannes HjorthSten Grillner
Jan 12, 2019·Neurotoxicity Research·Musthafa Mohamed EssaMohammed Akbar
Oct 17, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroinformatics·Pramod KumbharFelix Schürmann
Jun 22, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroinformatics·Jonathan D Reed, Kim T Blackwell
Nov 9, 2021·Frontiers in Neural Circuits·Johanna Frost NylenJeanette Hellgren Kotaleski

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