PMID: 8968213May 1, 1995Paper

Basic aspects of neuroimmunology as they relate to immunotherapeutic targets: present and future prospects

Annals of Neurology
M C Dalakas

Abstract

The neurological diseases with definite or putative immune pathogenesis include myasthenia gravis; Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome; IgM monoclonal anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein-associated demyelinating polyneuropathy; Guillain-Barré syndrome; chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy; multifocal motor neuropathy with or without GM1 antibodies; multiple sclerosis; inflammatory myopathies; stiff-man syndrome; autoimmune neuromyotonia; paraneoplastic neuronopathies and cerebellar degeneration; and neurological diseases associated with systemic autoimmune conditions, vasculitis, or viral infections. The events that lead to these autoimmune diseases are not clear but the following sequential steps are critical: (a) the breaking of tolerance, a process in which cytokines, molecular mimicry, or superantigens may play a role in rendering previously anergic T cells to recognize neural autoantigens; (b) antigen recognition by the T-cell receptor complex and processing of the antigen via the major histocompatibility complex class I or II; (c) costimulatory factors especially B7 and B7-binding proteins (CD28, CTLA-4) and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and its leukocyte function-associated (LFA)-1 ligand; (d) traff...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 14, 2011·Current Treatment Options in Neurology·Hugh J McMillanPeter B Kang
Apr 2, 2003·Journal of Neuroimmunology·Mathias W R PletzAndreas J Steck
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Jun 10, 2017·BMC Neuroscience·Pi-Ling ChiangWei-Che Lin
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