BBSome trains remove activated GPCRs from cilia by enabling passage through the transition zone

The Journal of Cell Biology
Fan YeMaxence V Nachury

Abstract

A diffusion barrier at the transition zone enables the compartmentalization of signaling molecules by cilia. The BBSome and the small guanosine triphosphatase Arl6, which triggers BBSome coat polymerization, are required for the exit of activated signaling receptors from cilia, but how diffusion barriers are crossed when membrane proteins exit cilia remains to be determined. In this study, we found that activation of the ciliary G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Smoothened and SSTR3 drove the Arl6-dependent assembly of large, highly processive, and cargo-laden retrograde BBSome trains. Single-molecule imaging revealed that the assembly of BBSome trains enables the lateral transport of ciliary GPCRs across the transition zone. However, the removal of activated GPCRs from cilia was inefficient because a second periciliary diffusion barrier was infrequently crossed. We conclude that exit from cilia is a two-step process in which BBSome/Arl6 trains first move activated GPCRs through the transition zone before a periciliary barrier can be crossed.

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
IFT88

Methods Mentioned

BETA
GTPase
immunoprecipitation
PCR
transfection
coimmunoprecipitation

Software Mentioned

SoftWoRx
IFT
MonoS
KymographClear
KymographDirect
Multi Kymograph
BBSome
ImageJ

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