BCG and protection against inflammatory and auto-immune diseases

Expert Review of Vaccines
Magdalena Kowalewicz-Kulbat, Camille Locht

Abstract

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only available vaccine against tuberculosis. Although its protective efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis is still under debate, it provides protection against other mycobacterial diseases. BCG is also an effective therapy against superficial bladder cancer and potentially decreases overall childhood mortality. Areas covered: The purpose of this paper is to provide a state-of-the-art summary of the beneficial effects of BCG in inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. As a strong inducer of Th1 type immunity, BCG has been reported to protect against atopic conditions, such as allergic asthma, a Th2-driven disorder. Its protective effect has been well documented in mice, but still awaits definitive evidence in humans. Similarly, murine studies have shown a protective effect of BCG against auto-immune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and insulin-dependent diabetes, but studies in humans have come to conflicting conclusions. Expert commentary: Studies in mice have shown a beneficial effect of the BCG vaccine against allergic asthma, multiple sclerosis and diabetes. However, the understanding of its mechanism is still fragmentary and requires further in depth research. Some observational or...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 18, 2020·Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery·Xiao-Hong JiangQi-Xiang Sun
Apr 25, 2020·The Journal of Asthma : Official Journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma·Xiao-Hong JiangJianlin Huang
Jul 22, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Valerie Acm KoekenMihai G Netea
Jul 24, 2020·Expert Review of Vaccines·Mario Rivera-IzquierdoJosé Luis Barranco-Quintana
Jan 30, 2020·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Marco Antonio Yamazaki-NakashimadaRicardo U Sorensen
Dec 19, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Camila CoviánAlexis M Kalergis
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Dec 16, 2020·Vaccines·Julia WitschkowskiBianca E Schneider
May 12, 2021·Clinics in Dermatology·Galina ZhelezovaGrisha Mateev
Jun 2, 2021·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Alok K SinghWilliam R Bishai
Dec 4, 2021·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Mengjin QuHao Li

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