Abstract
Bcl-xL is an anti-apoptotic molecule, but its role in the progression and recurrent/ drug-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is poorly understood. A total of one hundred twenty-five human OSCC tissue specimens including twenty-nine adjacent normals (AN), sixty-nine primary tumors (PT), twenty-seven recurrent chemoradiation resistance (RCRT) samples, and oral tongue SCC derived cisplatin-resistant (CisR SCC-4/-9) cells were used, for this study. Protein/mRNA expression levels of Bcl-xL and its regulation by ERK1/2, Stat-3, p53, NFκB, AP-1 (components: c-Jun, c-Fos, and Fra-2) molecules, and cell viability were measured by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, RT-PCR, and MTT analysis. Further, the individual and synergistic effects of Fra-2 (siRNA) and nimbolide were tested in CisR SCC-4/-9 cells. Progressive increase of Bcl-xL expression and its transcriptional-deregulation was observed with OSCC progression and resistance. Among all the possible upstream regulators of Bcl-xL, such as ERK1/2, Stat-3, p53, AP-1, and NFκB, the TF AP-1 (r = 0.644, p = 0.0001) showed maximum association with Bcl-xL mRNA expression. Though differential expression of AP-1 components were detected in OSCC specimens, with more striking positiv...Continue Reading
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