Abstract
Behavioral manifestations, electroencephalograms (EEGs) and visually evoked potentials (VEPs) were studied in beagles with Eck's fistula (portacaval shunt [PCS]), an established model of hyperammonemia, to determine whether they developed CNS disorders characteristic of hepatic encephalopathy. After PCS, behavioral changes occurred in the form of listlessness, sluggishness (altered gait, snapping and transient catatonia-like symptoms) and apparent blindness, which appeared in that order and progressed to coma and death in some animals. The EEGs from the frontal cortex showed a gradual decrease in voltage and frequency. Development of snapping and catatonia-like symptoms coincided with the occurrence of high voltage fast waves in the EEGs from the occipital cortex. In comatose Eck's fistula dogs. flattening of the EEGs was recorded from the frontal cortex and a lowered voltage was noted in the EEGs from the occipital cortex. After PCS, the latencies and amplitudes of the components of VEP were increased. The snapping and catatonia-like symptoms were markedly ameliorated by carbamazepine and the coma by flumazenil and thyrotropin-releasing hormone. These findings indicate that Eck's fistula dogs provide a useful model of hepatic ...Continue Reading
References
Jul 1, 1976·Journal of Neurochemistry·J H JamesJ E Fischer
Mar 1, 1977·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·B HindfeltT E Duffy
Jan 1, 1975·Neuropsychobiology·C Perris
Aug 1, 1992·Progress in Neurobiology·J C Szerb, R F Butterworth
Nov 1, 1991·Gut·C O Record
Mar 1, 1990·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·S H GammalE A Jones
Sep 15, 1990·Biological Psychiatry·T MiyauchiM Matsushita
Jul 1, 1986·Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica·Y KidoH Kohri
Dec 2, 1988·Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift·K P Maier
Jun 1, 1987·Archives of General Psychiatry·C N KarsonD R Weinberger
Apr 1, 1985·Gut·P L Lanthier, M Y Morgan
Jan 1, 1985·Drugs·M BeenW S Hillis
Jul 1, 1966·Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology·G HardingG W Howells
Sep 1, 1969·Epilepsia·P Flor-Henry
Feb 1, 1971·American Journal of Surgery·R E Condon
Jan 26, 1981·Brain Research·N OgawaS Kito
Mar 21, 1983·Brain Research·N OgawaA Mori
Dec 1, 1980·Epilepsia·P S Albright, W M Burnham
May 1, 1995·Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica·M WatanabeS Sato
May 1, 1995·Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica·M WatanabeS Itoh
Sep 1, 1994·Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine·D D Mousseau, R F Butterworth
Dec 1, 1993·Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica·K InuiM Sato
May 1, 1960·Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology·E F DOMINO
Citations
Jan 7, 2014·PloS One·Mickey S TiversRichard J Mellanby
Oct 22, 2005·Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry·Josephine EliaSusmita Pati
Dec 5, 2012·The Journal of Toxicological Sciences·Hiroshi KawaiAtsushi Mitsumoto
May 28, 2005·Metabolic Brain Disease·Josef Finsterer, Elisabeth Bernauer
Oct 17, 1998·Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice·D O'Brien