Beneficial effects of enriched environment on adolescent rats from stressed pregnancies

The European Journal of Neuroscience
Giovanni LaviolaRoberta Pacifici

Abstract

The capacity of an early environmental intervention to normalize the behavioural and immunological dysfunctions produced by a stressed pregnancy was investigated. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats underwent three 45-min sessions per day of prenatal restraint stress (PS) on gestation days 11-21, and their offspring were assigned to either an enriched-environment or standard living cages throughout adolescence [postnatal days (pnd) 22-43]. Juvenile rats from stressed pregnancies had a prominent depression of affiliative/playful behaviour and of basal circulating CD4 T lymphocytes, CD8 T lymphocytes and T4/T8 ratio. They also showed increased emotionality and spleen and brain frontal cortex levels of pro-inflammatory interleoukin-1beta (IL-1beta) cytokine. A more marked response to cyclophosphamide (CPA: two 2 mg/kg IP injections) induced immunosuppression was also found in prenatal stressed rats. Enriched housing increased the amount of time adolescent PS rats spent in positive species-typical behaviours (i.e. play behaviour), reduced emotionality and reverted most of immunological alterations. In addition to its effects in PS rats, enriched housing increased anti-inflammatory IL-2 and reduced pro-inflammatory IL-1beta production by a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 4, 2009·Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine·Shakira Franco SugliaRosalind J Wright
Jul 8, 2010·Neurotoxicity Research·Eva M MarcoGiovanni Laviola
Apr 18, 2006·Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery·C A Tony BuffingtonRoger R Bolus
Jun 14, 2006·Behavioral Neuroscience·Christie BurtonAlison S Fleming
Mar 21, 2009·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·Rosalind J Wright
Dec 5, 2009·Genes, Brain, and Behavior·B De FilippisG Laviola
Nov 14, 2008·Psychopharmacology·Rana El RawasMarcello Solinas
Dec 3, 2014·The Psychiatric Clinics of North America·Michel A Woodbury-Fariña
Dec 1, 2012·Behavioural Brain Research·Ana Laura VivinettoMaría Angélica Rivarola
Nov 6, 2012·Neuroscience·L Eiland, R D Romeo
May 19, 2012·Behavioural Brain Research·Ateret Rosenfeld, Aron Weller
Dec 17, 2011·Behavioural Brain Research·Richelle MychasiukRobbin Gibb
Sep 28, 2010·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Maria-Paz ViverosEdward J Wagner
Dec 8, 2009·Behavioural Brain Research·Jessica E SparlingCatherine Bielajew
Jan 20, 2009·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Eugen MattesSusan L Prescott
Jan 1, 2008·Brain Research Reviews·Muriel Darnaudéry, Stefania Maccari
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