Beneficial Intervertebral Disc and Muscle Adaptations in High-Volume Road Cyclists

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Daniel L BelavýTimo Rantalainen

Abstract

Cycling is widely practiced as a mode of transportation, a leisurely pursuit, and a competitive sport. Approximately half of cyclists experience low back pain. Yet, there has been limited study of spine tissue adaptations due to cycling. To investigate potential risk factors for spinal pain, we compared 18 high-volume cyclists (>150 km·wk for ≥5 yr) to 18 height-matched nonsporting referents. Participants had no history of spinal pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify intervertebral disc (IVD) morphology and hydration, and psoas, erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, and multifidus muscle size and fat content. Endurance of trunk muscles (flexors and extensors) was measured, and physical activity levels were assessed objectively using accelerometry. Cyclists' IVD showed prolonged T2 time (+10.0% ± 17.3%; P = 0.021), implying better IVD hydration and glycosaminoglycan content, compared with referents. Lower thoracic and upper lumbar IVD T2 time were longer in cyclists (P ≤ 0.029) but not at the lower lumbar spine. T2 time differences were larger in the nucleus pulposus compared with the annulus fibrosus. Cyclists showed larger psoas muscles with less fat content compared with referents. Cyclists also exhibited l...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 17, 2018·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·Timo RantalainenRachel L Duckham
Jul 22, 2020·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·Patrick J OwenDaniel L Belavy
May 21, 2020·BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders·Anke HofsteGerbrand J Groen
Jun 6, 2021·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Timo RantalainenTaija Finni

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