Benthic cyanobacterial mats in the high arctic: multi-layer structure and fluorescence responses to osmotic stress.

Frontiers in Microbiology
Marie LionardW F Vincent

Abstract

Cyanobacterial mats are often a major biological component of extreme aquatic ecosystems, and in polar lakes and streams they may account for the dominant fraction of total ecosystem biomass and productivity. In this study we examined the vertical structure and physiology of Arctic microbial mats relative to the question of how these communities may respond to ongoing environmental change. The mats were sampled from Ward Hunt Lake (83°5.297'N, 74°9.985'W) at the northern coast of Arctic Canada, and were composed of three visibly distinct layers. Microsensor profiling showed that there were strong gradients in oxygen within each layer, with an overall decrease from 100% saturation at the mat surface to 0%, at the bottom, accompanied by an increase of 0.6 pH units down the profile. Gene clone libraries (16S rRNA) revealed the presence of Oscillatorian sequences throughout the mat, while Nostoc related species dominated the two upper layers, and Nostocales and Synechococcales sequences were common in the bottom layer. High performance liquid chromatography analyses showed a parallel gradient in pigments, from high concentrations of UV-screening scytonemin in the upper layer to increasing zeaxanthin and myxoxanthin in the bottom la...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 14, 2015·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Ekaterina PushkarevaJosef Elster
Nov 4, 2015·Frontiers in Microbiology·Nathan A M ChrismasPatricia Sánchez-Baracaldo
Aug 1, 2014·Frontiers in Microbiology·George S Bullerjahn, Anton F Post
Aug 26, 2014·Frontiers in Microbiology·Lorrie MaccarioCatherine Larose
Jul 15, 2016·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Laura WilliamsBurkhard Büdel
Aug 9, 2016·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·David J Van HornCristina D Takacs-Vesbach
Jan 8, 2015·Environmental Science & Technology·Yolanda BlancoVictor Parro
Jun 21, 2018·Frontiers in Microbiology·Matti O RuuskanenAlexandre J Poulain
Aug 9, 2018·Frontiers in Microbiology·Christopher B TrivediJohn R Spear
Jul 14, 2017·NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes·Vani MohitWarwick F Vincent
Dec 20, 2018·Frontiers in Microbiology·Adrien VigneronWarwick F Vincent

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
FR798924.1
AY493607.1
AF448080.1
AB039019.1
AJ781041.1
EU178143.1
FR667281

Methods Mentioned

BETA
microsensor
profiler
microsensors
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

BioEdit
ClustalW2
nBLAST
MAFFT
Quantity One
RAxML

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