Benzo[a]pyrene and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) levels in vegetable oils and fats do not reflect the occurrence of the eight genotoxic PAHs

Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment
Husam AlomirahKurunthachalam Kannan

Abstract

Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in 115 samples of olive oil (extra virgin olive oil, virgin olive oil, olive oil, pomace olive oil and blended olive oil), cooking oil (corn oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, palm olein oil, soya oil, canola oil, mustard oil, peanut oil and mixed vegetable oil) and fat (butter and table margarine) collected from retail stores in Kuwait. Carcinogenic benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was detected in 43% of the samples analyzed. Benz[a]anthracene and chrysene were detected in 37 and 45% of the samples, respectively, that did not contain BaP. Of the individual non-carcinogenic PAHs, naphthalene showed the highest mean concentration (14 microg kg(-1)), while for the carcinogenic PAHs, BaP (0.92 microg kg(-1)) and chrysene (0.87 microg kg(-1)) showed the highest mean values. Approximately 20% of the samples within the olive oil and cooking oil sub-categories exceeded the EU maximum tolerable limit for BaP, with the highest level of 6.77 and 11.1 microg kg(-1), respectively. For the fat sub-category, 9% of the samples exceeded the tolerance limit, with the highest level of 3.67 microg kg(-1). The Kuwaiti general population's dietary exposure to the genotoxic PAHs (PAH8: benz[...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 18, 2012·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Inderpreet Singh GroverBonamali Pal
Aug 26, 2014·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Iyekhoetin Matthew OmoruyiRaimo Pohjanvirta
Jan 19, 2016·Food Chemistry·Lochan SinghTripti Agarwal
Oct 20, 2015·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Jiafu LiDahai Zhang
Apr 20, 2012·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Helvécio C Menezes, Zenilda L Cardeal
Jun 15, 2015·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Dafeng JiangLijun Shao
Jun 11, 2014·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Iria Yebra-PimentelJesús Simal-Gándara
Feb 18, 2016·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part B, Surveillance·Anna Sannino
Sep 26, 2016·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Xuewei HaoZhiliang Yao
Jun 12, 2012·Chemosphere·Ji-Qin NiAlbert J Heber
Jan 10, 2020·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·S Sezer Kiralan, Aziz Tekin
Jul 3, 2019·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Tatiana MinkinaOlga Nazarenko
Jan 16, 2018·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Nor Hasyimah Ahmad KamalMaimunah Sanny
Dec 9, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Osazuwa Clinton EkhatorOrish Ebere Orisakwe
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Jun 20, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Jin-Kui MaXiao-Chen Huang
Nov 28, 2012·Environmental Science & Technology·E Spencer WilliamsPeter C Van Metre

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
column chromatography

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