PMID: 11607166Mar 15, 1991Paper

Bergmann's rule near the equator: latitudinal clines in body size of an Andean passerine bird

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
G R Graves

Abstract

Critical correlative support for Bergmann's ecogeographic rule is provided by symmetrical patterns of size variation in Diglossa carbonaria, a tropical passerine bird whose geographic range in the Andes Mountains of South America straddles the equator. Body size is positively correlated with latitude both north and south of the equator. Moreover, parapatric taxa that exhibit either partial (north-western Bolivia) or complete (northern Peru) reproductive isolation converge in body size. Relative uniformity in the length of the highly modified flower-piercing bill among populations of D. carbonaria that differ significantly in body size suggests that character displacement or interspecific competition is not responsible for these patterns. These findings support the hypothesis that climate, particularly temperature seasonality, is an important environmental determinant of geographic size variation in homeotherms. In addition they demonstrate that clinal variation correlated with subtle climatic gradients can occur in tropical environments.

References

Oct 12, 1989·Nature·N H Barton, G M Hewitt

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Citations

Dec 5, 1997·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·T W Holliday
Apr 17, 1999·American Journal of Primatology·M R Clarke, J A O'Neil
Jan 1, 2011·Anatomy Research International·Karen J Weinstein
Sep 28, 2004·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Juan FornoniMark D Rausher
Dec 21, 2011·Molecular Ecology·I Keller, O Seehausen
Apr 5, 2013·The Journal of Animal Ecology·Pablo A MartinezClaudio J Bidau
Oct 8, 2016·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Glenn J TattersallMatthew R E Symonds
Apr 13, 2017·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Benjamin M Winger
Feb 9, 2018·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Daniel García-MartínezMarkus Bastir
May 17, 2005·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Karen J Weinstein
Jan 23, 2015·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Benjamin M Winger, John M Bates
Jan 29, 2016·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Charles C Roseman

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