Best Practices for Handling and Administration of Expressed Human Milk and Donor Human Milk for Hospitalized Preterm Infants

Frontiers in Nutrition
Caroline Steele

Abstract

The importance of human milk for the preterm infant is well established (1-3). However, the feeding of human milk to preterm infants is typically much more complicated than the mere act of breastfeeding (3, 4). The limited oral feeding skills of many preterm infants often results in human milk being administered via an enteral feeding tube (4). In addition, fortification is commonly required to promote optimal growth and development-particularly in the smallest of preterm infants (2, 4, 5). Consequently, a mother's own milk must be pumped, labeled, transported to the hospital, stored, tracked for appropriate expiration dates and times, thawed (if previously frozen), fortified, and administered to the infant with care taken at each step of the process to avoid microbial contamination, misadministration (the wrong milk for the wrong patient), fortification errors, and waste (1-5). Furthermore, the use of pasteurized donor human milk (DHM) for preterm infants when a mother's own milk is not available has been endorsed by many organizations (1). Therefore, appropriate procurement, storage, thawing (if received frozen), fortification, labeling, and administration must occur with the same considerations of preventing contamination an...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Apr 26, 2020·The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing·Jill R Demirci
Sep 12, 2019·International Breastfeeding Journal·Wesam AlyahyaJudith H Simpson
Feb 2, 2021·Frontiers in Nutrition·Mariana MuelbertChris Pook
Jul 3, 2021·Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics·Suzan GadMona Karem Amin
Jul 3, 2021·Pediatric Reports·Ajay Pratap SinghSanjeet Panda
Dec 23, 2020·Advances in Neonatal Care : Official Journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses·Ranmali RodrigoGillian Opie
Sep 13, 2021·Advances in Neonatal Care : Official Journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses·Jane M Noonan

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