Beta-bungarotoxin-induced depletion of synaptic vesicles at the mammalian neuromuscular junction

Neuropharmacology
S PrasarnpunJ B Harris

Abstract

The neurotoxic phospholipase A(2), beta-bungarotoxin, caused the failure of the mechanical response of the indirectly stimulated rat diaphragm. Exposure to beta-bungarotoxin had no effect on the response of the muscle to direct stimulation. Resting membrane potentials of muscle fibres exposed to the toxin were similar to control values, and the binding of FITC-labelled alpha-bungarotoxin to nAChR at the neuromuscular junction was unchanged. Motor nerve terminal boutons at a third of cell junctions were destroyed by exposure to beta-bungarotoxin leaving only a synaptic gutter filled with Schwann cell processes and debris. At other junctions, some or all boutons survived exposure to the toxin. Synaptic vesicle density in surviving terminal boutons was reduced by 80% and synaptophysin immunoreactivity by >60% in preparations exposed to beta-bungarotoxin, but syntaxin and SNAP-25 immunoreactivity was largely unchanged. Terminal bouton area was also unchanged. The depletion of synaptic vesicles was completely prevented by prior exposure to botulinum toxin C and significantly reduced by prior exposure to conotoxin omega-MVIIC. The data suggest that synaptic vesicle depletion is caused primarily by a toxin-induced entry of Ca(2+) into...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 24, 2008·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Michela RigoniCesare Montecucco
Oct 17, 2013·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Udaya K RanawakaH Janaka de Silva
Jul 11, 2014·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Jernej ŠribarIgor Križaj
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Apr 4, 2009·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Erik TedescoCesare Montecucco
Oct 2, 2007·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Joze Pungercar, Igor Krizaj
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Nov 18, 2006·Proteomics·Spyros Petrakis, Theodoros Sklaviadis
Nov 26, 2009·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Núria BesalduchMaria Angel Lanuza
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Apr 29, 2021·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP·Angeline Mei Feng OhChoo Hock Tan
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