Beta-cell activity and hepatic insulin extraction following dexamethasone administration in healthy subjects

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
A Kautzky-WillerGiovanni Pacini

Abstract

Glucocorticoids induce an increase of hepatic glucose production and peripheral resistance to insulin action. It is further assumed that dexamethasone administration in humans causes insulin hypersecretion, although inferences on beta-cell activity have been made in absolute terms and mostly from observations of systemic insulin concentration. In fact, the role of hepatic insulin extraction in humans treated long-term with glucocorticoids has not been investigated. The aim of the present study was to factor out quantitatively the main components of the insulin pathway that are responsible for the peripheral hypersecretion observed after steroids. Frequently sampled intravenous (FSIGT) and oral (OGTT) glucose tolerance tests were performed in healthy subjects before and after 5 days of oral dexamethasone administration (4 mg/d). Insulin sensitivity, beta-cell secretion, and hepatic insulin extraction were estimated by means of mathematical modeling. After steroids, insulin sensitivity decreased from 6.00 +/- 1.29 to 4.23 +/- 1.04 min-1/(microU/mL) (P < .04). Basal beta-cell secretion increased from 45 +/- 7 to 104 +/- 26 pmol/L . min-1 (P < .004) during the FSIGT and from 40 +/- 6 to 88 +/- 21 (P < .05) during the OGTT; total in...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 12, 2001·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·A TuraK Thomaseth
Jun 6, 2009·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·A Kautzky-Willer, A Handisurya
Apr 7, 2020·Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity·Anu Sharma, Adrian Vella
May 6, 2008·Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry : International Journal of Experimental Cellular Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology·Diana AvramSusanne Ullrich
Mar 7, 2019·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·Micaela MorettiniLaura Burattini
Aug 12, 2006·Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·Zhao LiuAlan Malabanan

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