Betaine Improves Intestinal Functions by Enhancing Digestive Enzymes, Ameliorating Intestinal Morphology, and Enriching Intestinal Microbiota in High-salt stressed Rats

Nutrients
Haichao WangJ Feng

Abstract

To investigate the role of betaine in the intestinal functions of high-salt stressed rats, 32 four-week-old male Sprague⁻Dawley rats weighing 128.0 (SD 5.06) g were randomly allotted to four groups. The control group was fed with standard chow diet (0.4% NaCl), while the treatment groups were fed a high-salt diet (4.0% NaCl) supplemented with betaine at 0.0%, 0.5%, and 1.0%, respectively. The experiment lasted 28 days. The results showed that rats in the high-salt stressed groups had a significant increase in both water intake and kidney index (p < 0.05). The level of cortisol (COR) was increased in the high-salt stressed rats (p < 0.05), and returned to normal levels with betaine supplementation (p < 0.05). Aldosterone (ALD) was decreased in all high-salt diet groups (p < 0.05). Betaine supplementation decreased antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels significantly (p < 0.05). High salt stress decreased the activities of amylase, lipase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin in the small intestinal luminal contents (p < 0.05), however, these activities increased with betaine supplementation (p < 0.05). The gut villus height of small intestine was significantly decreased in the high-salt diet group (p < 0.05). However, they were higher in the be...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 3, 2020·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Liping MiaoXiaoting Zou
Jun 3, 2021·Biology·Madan Kumar ArumugamKusum K Kharbanda
Jun 17, 2021·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Kyle A SmithMichael J Ormsbee

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis
PCR
salt stress

Software Mentioned

R
USEARCH
FastQC
FLASH
vegan
UPARSE
QIIME
SAS

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