Between- and within-individual effects of visual contrast sensitivity on perceptual matching, processing speed, and associative memory in older adults

Gerontology
Kaarin J AnsteySally Andrews

Abstract

Although cross-sectional studies have demonstrated associations between visual contrast sensitivity and cognitive test performance, it remains unclear whether peripheral visual or perceptual factors explain the association. We aimed at determining whether reducing static contrast of the study stimuli would simulate the performance deficits on measures of processing speed and associative memory that are associated with aging. We investigated the mechanism by which vision and memory are associated in a sample of 91 volunteers aged 60-87 years. In tests of perceptual matching, digit-symbol matching, and associative memory, the level of static contrast of the stimuli was manipulated, with three contrast levels. The duration of stimuli presentation was also manipulated in the associative memory task in a full-factorial experimental design. Accuracy and response latencies (for correct trials) were measured. Experimental results showed that within subjects, lower contrast was associated with longer latencies, indicating an effect on information processing speed. Regression analyses replicated previous findings of a moderate to strong association between visual contrast sensitivity and cognitive performance in cross-sectional studies. ...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Sep 12, 2006·Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS·Kaarin J AnsteyChwee von Sanden
May 22, 2009·Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition·Sarah R WeatherbeeJason C Allaire
Aug 12, 2009·Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition·Audrey H GutherieAnna Bacon Moore
Aug 28, 2010·Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition·Amy Y SeeJoanne M Wood
Nov 3, 2010·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Joanne WoodPeter La
Nov 26, 2008·British Journal of Psychology·Joanne M WoodSara E Wainwright
Sep 16, 2015·Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists·Catherine MewbornL Stephen Miller
Oct 24, 2012·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Joanne M WoodKaarin J Anstey
Jan 25, 2012·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Kaarin J AnsteyChristopher Hatherly
Jul 4, 2012·Vision Research·Nichole L MorrisJoanne M Wood
Nov 16, 2007·Trends in Amplification·Gabrielle H Saunders, Katharina V Echt
Jul 3, 2019·Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience·Frederico Pieruccini-FariaDaniel Schoene

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