PMID: 15244057Jul 13, 2004Paper

Biguanide-induced changes in Acanthamoeba castellanii: an electron microscopic study

Journal of Applied Microbiology
W KhunkittiA D Russell

Abstract

Trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii were exposed to chlorhexidine diacetate (CHA) and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB); changes in cell ultrastructure and surface structure were examined by both transmission and scanning electron microscopy. PHMB caused a greater degree of structural and membrane damage; the cytoplasmic contents were severely depleted and there were clusters of densely stained precipitates on the cell surface. Concentrations of CHA greater than 100 microg ml(-1) produced shrinkage from the cyst wall. At high concentrations, PHMB induced a slight withdrawal of the cytoplasm from the wall and, unlike CHA, induced swelling of the cysts. These findings do not define the mechanisms of action of CHA and PHMB, but provide evidence that a major target site for both agents is the plasma membrane. However, additional intracellular damage undoubtedly contributes to the lethal effects. The greater resistance of cysts may be associated with reduced biguanide uptake.

Citations

Nov 24, 1999·International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents·D G ThomasA D Russell
Apr 10, 1999·Journal of Applied Microbiology·W KhunkittiA D Russell
Dec 19, 2000·Journal of Applied Microbiology·N A TurnerD Lloyd
Jul 30, 2002·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Raman Kumar, David Lloyd
Jan 17, 2007·Eye & Contact Lens·Shady T AwwadH Dwight Cavanagh
May 24, 2011·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Emerancienne MogoaYann Héchard
Mar 16, 2001·The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology·D LloydA D Russell
Jul 16, 2010·The Journal of Hospital Infection·K E CheesemanJ-Y Maillard
Feb 23, 2012·The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology·Celine CoulonVincent Thomas
Jul 26, 2015·Contact Lens & Anterior Eye : the Journal of the British Contact Lens Association·Satya Sree N KolarJan P G Bergmanson
Dec 8, 2005·Contact Lens & Anterior Eye : the Journal of the British Contact Lens Association·Caroline E CodlingA Denver Russell
May 4, 2004·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Michael J AllenGraham F White
Sep 12, 2009·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Vincent ThomasJean-Yves Maillard
Apr 15, 2014·Experimental Parasitology·David Lloyd
May 23, 2014·The Korean Journal of Parasitology·Eun-Kyung MoonHyun-Hee Kong
Mar 5, 2010·FEMS Microbiology Letters·Leandro LemgruberBruno da Rocha-Azevedo
Nov 12, 2016·Survey of Ophthalmology·Linda Christian Carrijo-CarvalhoFabio Ramos de Souza Carvalho
Feb 8, 2000·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·U TattawasartA D Russell
Apr 24, 2007·International Ophthalmology Clinics·Eva-Marie Chong, M Reza Dana
Aug 14, 2019·Journal of Parasitic Diseases : Official Organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology·Hayam Mohamed Ezz EldinAmira Elsaady Khayyal
Sep 15, 2020·Clinical & Experimental Optometry : Journal of the Australian Optometrical Association·Shyam Sunder Tummanapalli, Mark Dp Willcox
Oct 24, 2021·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Rhonda WaltersMonica Crary

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