Bile acid homeostasis and intestinal dysbiosis in alcoholic hepatitis

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Dragos CiocanGabriel Perlemuter

Abstract

Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in bile acid homeostasis. To study the structure of the intestinal microbiota and its function in bile acid homeostasis in alcoholic patients based on the severity of alcoholic liver disease. In this prospective study, we included four groups of active alcoholic patients (N = 108): two noncirrhotic, with (noCir_AH, n = 13) or without alcoholic hepatitis (noCir_noAH, n = 61), and two cirrhotic, with (Cir_sAH, n = 17) or without severe alcoholic hepatitis (Cir_noAH, n = 17). Plasma and faecal bile acid profiles and intestinal microbiota composition were assessed. Plasma levels of total bile acids (84.6 vs 6.8 μmol/L, P < 0.001) and total ursodeoxycholic acid (1.3 vs 0.3 μmol/L, P = 0.03) were higher in cirrhosis with severe alcoholic hepatitis (Cir_sAH) than Cir_noAH, whereas total faecal (2.4 vs 11.3, P = 0.01) and secondary bile acids (0.7 vs 10.7, P < 0.01) levels were lower. Cir_sAH patients had a different microbiota than Cir_noAH patients: at the phyla level, the abundance of Actinobacteria (9 vs 1%, P = 0.01) was higher and that of Bacteroidetes was lower (25 vs 40%, P = 0.04). Moreover, the microbiota of Cir_sAH patients showed changes in the abundance of genes involved in 15 ...Continue Reading

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