Biliary lipids support serum-free growth of Giardia lamblia.

Infection and Immunity
Frances D GillinJ F Sauch

Abstract

Giardia lamblia has been grown in vitro only in media containing serum or serum fractions. How this pathogen can grow in the human small intestinal lumen without serum is not known. We found that samples of human hepatic or gall bladder bile maintained G. lamblia survival for 24 to 48 h in medium without serum but did not support growth. By contrast, an artificial biliary lipid dispersion containing six bile salts, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and cholesterol, in the ratios characteristic of human bile, supported parasite growth in medium without serum or serum fractions. To define the requirements, we showed that 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-PC or 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-PC (which predominate in human bile) satisfied the requirement for PC. Moreover, either glycocholate or glycodeoxycholate could be substituted for the bile salt mixture. The finding that biliary lipids can support serum-free growth of G. lamblia may help explain why this parasite colonizes the upper small intestine.

References

Jan 1, 1978·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·L S DiamondC C Cunnick
Nov 3, 1975·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·A RodaL Barbara
Feb 1, 1976·Experimental Parasitology·E A Meyer
Jan 1, 1985·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·M J GaultF D Gillin
Apr 1, 1986·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·O HernellM E Pereira
Mar 1, 1985·Infection and Immunity·F D GillinM J Gault
Jan 1, 1983·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·M J FarthingG T Keusch
Jan 1, 1983·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·D B Keister
Feb 1, 1981·Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology·E L JarrollS A Morse
Jul 20, 1982·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·S J RobinsG M Patton
Aug 1, 1981·Digestive Diseases and Sciences·P D SmithW R Brown

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 1, 1991·Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology·E W MoharebJ I Bruce
Jun 1, 1991·In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology : Journal of the Tissue Culture Association·R H Goodwin
Sep 1, 1995·The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology·D S ReinerF D Gillin
Aug 10, 2012·Acta Parasitologica·Benito David Mata-CárdenasJavier Vargas-Villarreal
Jul 4, 2001·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·R D Adam
Apr 7, 2005·Parasitology Research·Helen Pope-DelatorreLouis N Irwin
Feb 18, 2012·Parasitology·Varuni S MunasingheJ T Ellis
Jan 1, 2008·The Journal of Parasitology·Javier Vargas-VillarrealSalvador Said-Fernández
Oct 1, 2010·Parasitology·M YichoyS Das
Apr 12, 2017·Infection and Immunity·N R BarashS C Dawson
Mar 1, 1989·The Journal of protozoology·E L JarrollD G Lindmark
Jan 1, 1992·The Journal of protozoology·J M Bifulco, F W Schaefer
May 1, 1996·The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology·H D LujanT E Nash
Nov 21, 2015·Current Tropical Medicine Reports·Tavis L MendezSiddhartha Das
Jun 18, 2017·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Jonathan K PhamScott C Dawson
Jun 14, 2002·International Journal for Parasitology·Siddhartha DasKrishna Reddy
Jun 26, 2001·Trends in Parasitology·S DasT Stevens
Aug 22, 2001·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·D Lombardo
Oct 18, 1996·Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology·J E EllisE S Kaneshiro
Oct 17, 2006·Parasitology Today·H D LujánT E Nash
Oct 1, 1994·Infection and Immunity·H D LujanT E Nash
Sep 18, 1997·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·H D LujánT E Nash

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.