Binuclear Cu(A) Formation in Biosynthetic Models of Cu(A) in Azurin Proceeds via a Novel Cu(Cys)2His Mononuclear Copper Intermediate

Biochemistry
Saumen ChakrabortyYi Lu

Abstract

Cu(A) is a binuclear electron transfer (ET) center found in cytochrome c oxidases (CcOs), nitrous oxide reductases (N₂ORs), and nitric oxide reductase (NOR). In these proteins, the Cu(A) centers facilitate efficient ET (kET > 10⁴s⁻¹) under low thermodynamic driving forces (10-90 mV). While the structure and functional properties of Cu(A) are well understood, a detailed mechanism of the incorporation of copper into the protein and the identity of the intermediates formed during the Cu(A) maturation process are still lacking. Previous studies of the Cu(A) assembly mechanism in vitro using a biosynthetic model Cu(A) center in azurin (Cu(A)Az) identified a novel intermediate X (Ix) during reconstitution of the binuclear site. However, because of the instability of Ix and the coexistence of other Cu centers, such as Cu(A)' and type 1 copper centers, the identity of this intermediate could not be established. Here, we report the mechanism of Cu(A) assembly using variants of Glu114XCuAAz (X = Gly, Ala, Leu, or Gln), the backbone carbonyl of which acts as a ligand to the Cu(A) site, with a major focus on characterization of the novel intermediate Ix. We show that Cu(A) assembly in these variants proceeds through several types of Cu cen...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 18, 2016·Dalton Transactions : an International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry·Dwaipayan Dutta GuptaShyamalava Mazumdar
Apr 11, 2017·Journal of Computational Chemistry·Matthias WitteSonja Herres-Pawlis
Oct 5, 2017·Chemistry : a European Journal·Felix KochHartmut Schubert
Jan 1, 2018·Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics·Candan Ariöz, Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede
Jul 15, 2020·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Evan N MirtsYi Lu
Feb 27, 2019·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Matthew O RossAmy C Rosenzweig

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