Bioassays and biomarkers for ecotoxicological assessment of reclaimed municipal wastewater

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
A KontanaM Yiangou

Abstract

The aim of this work was to examine the ecotoxicity of reclaimed wastewater by the use of bioassays and the determination of immunological parameters. Secondary and tertiary mucicipal wastewater samples were examined for their physicochemical and microbiological characteristics as well as for their endotoxin concentrations. The ecotoxicological characteristics were assessed by a battery of bioassays, using Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna and Tetrahymena thermophilla as test species and phytotoxicity. The mitogenic responses of mouse splenocytes were as well used as bioassay. The cytokines of IL-1, IL-2, IL-10, IFNgamma and TNFalpha, were also determined in the supernatant of splenocyte cultures and served as molecular biomarkers. All bioassays exhibited decrease of the ecotoxicological responses after tertiary treatment. However, mitogenic responses were proved to be more sensitive. IL-1 increased, while IL-2 production was unaffected. The fact that IL-10 production increased in response to secondary treated effluents in conjunction with the increased endotoxin levels, suggest Th2 type immune responses. Although results obtained from the toxicity bioassays after the tertiary treatment showed comparable results to those of contro...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 18, 2013·Environmental Science & Technology·Hiroe Hara-YamamuraSatoshi Okabe
Jan 31, 2009·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Janmejay PandeyRakesh K Jain
Dec 14, 2011·Journal of Environmental Monitoring : JEM·Mokhtar GuizaniNaoyuki Funamizu

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