Biochemical alterations elicited in rat liver microsomes by oxidation and reduction products of chloroform metabolism

Chemico-biological Interactions
E Testai, L Vittozzi

Abstract

The feasibility of an oxygen-independent mechanism of chloroform bioactivation was indicated by the covalent binding to lipid and protein occurring in anaerobic incubations of CHCl3 and microsomes in the presence of NADPH. Under these conditions, the loss of cytochrome P-450 and the inhibition of related monoxygenases were also observed. The chloroform anoxic biotransformation was negligible in uninduced microsomes and seemed to be catalyzed mainly by phenobarbital-inducible P-450 isozymes. Biotransformation could also be supported by NADH as the source of reducing equivalents. Anaerobic metabolism of chloroform led to decreased levels of the main PB-induced P-450 isozymes even at low CHCl3 concentration and did not affect benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activity. These effects were not decreased by thiolic compounds. The oxidation products of chloroform caused a general impairment of the monoxygenase system, probably related to the formation of protein aggregates with very high molecular weight. In the presence of physiological concentrations of GSH, the targets of aerobically-produced metabolites were lipids and, to a smaller extent, P-450. At low CHCl3 concentrations and/or in the presence of GSH the most changes to microsomal st...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1978·Chemico-biological Interactions·C R WolfD V Parke
Jan 1, 1979·Biochemical Pharmacology·L R PohlG Krishna
Apr 1, 1978·Analytical Biochemistry·A Aitio
Nov 21, 1977·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·D MansuyJ P Leroux
Dec 7, 1977·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·L R PohlG Krishna
Jan 1, 1978·Biochemical Society Transactions·A IngallT F Slater
Jun 1, 1976·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·P J CoxD V Parke
Jan 1, 1973·Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology·M KesslerJ Höper
Jul 1, 1974·European Journal of Biochemistry·W M Bonner, R A Laskey
Jan 1, 1971·Acta Pharmacologica Et Toxicologica·S Yllner
Oct 1, 1967·Biochemical Pharmacology·A E McLean
Jan 1, 1984·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·R V BranchflowerL R Pohl
Jan 1, 1984·Archives of Toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv Für Toxikologie. Supplement·E Testai, L Vittozzi
Aug 29, 1980·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·D MansuyJ C Chottard
Dec 1, 1980·Biochemical Pharmacology·L R PohlJ W George
Feb 1, 1982·Biochemical Pharmacology·W NastainczykV Ullrich
Jul 20, 2002·Current Opinion in Pharmacology·Srinivasan Madhusudan, Adrian L Harris
Feb 1, 1956·Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine·V I OYAMA, H EAGLE

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 1, 1995·Archives of Toxicology·E TestaiL Vittozzi
Aug 7, 2002·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·M E MeekM Walker
Jun 1, 1994·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·S F VelazquezR S Schoeny
Nov 1, 1994·Environmental Health Perspectives·E TestaiL Vittozzi
Jul 14, 2010·Toxicology·Virginia BelloniDaniela Santucci
Jun 27, 2009·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Emma Di ConsiglioEmanuela Testai
Dec 1, 1992·Chemico-biological Interactions·A De BiasiL Vittozzi
Oct 1, 2009·Chemico-biological Interactions·Francesca MaranghiStefano Lorenzetti
Jul 1, 1990·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·E TestaiL Vittozzi
May 1, 1990·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·R A CorleyR H Reitz
May 8, 1998·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·P AmmannG L Kedderis
Dec 1, 1994·Journal of Biochemical Toxicology·P AdeL Vittozzi
Jan 1, 1995·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·A R GoeptarN P Vermeulen
Aug 24, 2010·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Makoto TakeShoji Fukushima
Jan 16, 1999·Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology·L FabriziL Vittozzi

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.