Biochemical Validation of Self-Reported Smokeless Tobacco Abstinence among Smokeless Tobacco Users: Results from a Clinical Trial of Varenicline in India

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs
Raka JainRobert A Schnoll

Abstract

The validity of self-reported tobacco use is often questioned given the potential for underestimation of use. This study used data from a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of varenicline for smokeless tobacco dependence in India to evaluate the accuracy of self-reported smokeless tobacco cessation using biochemical validation procedures and to evaluate correlates of reporting inaccuracy. Smokeless tobacco users attending a dental clinic at AIIMS were randomized to placebo or varenicline; all participants received counseling. Detailed smokeless tobacco use was recorded and abstinence was defined as cotinine-verified 7-day point prevalence cessation (cotinine < 50 ng/ml) and breath CO > 10 ppm at the end of 12 weeks of treatment. One-half of study completers (82/165) self-reported abstinence. Biochemical verification confirmed that (65.9%) subjects provided accurate self-reports while (34.1%) participants underreported tobacco use. These data indicate poor agreement between self-reported and biochemically confirmed abstinence (κ = -0.191). Underreporters of tobacco use had significantly higher baseline cotinine (p < 0.05), total craving (p < 0.012), and negative reinforcement craving (p < 0.001) vs. those whose self...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1988·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology·D WatsonA Tellegen
Nov 1, 1987·American Journal of Public Health·M J JarvisY Saloojee
Mar 1, 1986·Archives of General Psychiatry·J R Hughes, D Hatsukami
Jul 1, 1994·American Journal of Public Health·D L PatrickS Kinne
Feb 1, 1994·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·L T KozlowskiT Heatherton
Mar 23, 2000·Maternal and Child Health Journal·N R BoydJ B Lowe
Mar 22, 2001·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·L S CoxA G Christen
May 25, 2002·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·UNKNOWN SRNT Subcommittee on Biochemical Verification
Sep 7, 2002·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Donna R ParkerJames Heimdal
Nov 25, 2004·Addictive Behaviors·Michael FendrichJoseph S Wislar
Feb 2, 2006·Addictive Behaviors·Jon O EbbertDarrell R Schroeder
Feb 27, 2007·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Benjamin A TollSuchitra Krishnan-Sarin
Apr 10, 2007·Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·Robert WestMartin J Jarvis
Aug 30, 2008·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·UNKNOWN Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center (TTURC) Tobacco DependenceBenjamin A Toll
Feb 28, 2009·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Sarah Connor GorberMark Tremblay
Dec 5, 2009·Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·Joshua E MuscatJohn P Richie
Apr 12, 2012·Substance Abuse : Official Publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse·Raka JainHem Sethi
Aug 16, 2013·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Raka JainRobert A Schnoll

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 20, 2019·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Gina R KruseNancy A Rigotti
Feb 20, 2021·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Richard HollidayPhilip M Preshaw

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.