Bioconcentration factors and the risk concentrations of potentially toxic elements in garden soils

Journal of Environmental Management
Alexys Giorgia Friol BoimLuís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni

Abstract

Empirical models describe soil-plant transfers to explain the variations in the occurrence of potentially toxic elements (PTE) in soils and to estimate the Bioconcentration Factor (BCF). In this study, results were selected based on data in the literature on soils of humid tropical and temperate regions to evaluate soil-plant transfer models, to calculate the BCF and to derive risk concentrations of Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni and Zn present in the exposure pathway leading to the consumption of contaminated vegetables. The Cetesb (Environmental Agency of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil) mathematical model was used to derive the risk posed by soil concentrations in urban and rural exposure scenarios. The results of the pseudo total contents of PTE in the soil and the contents absorbed by plants were compared and the BCFs were calculated by the use of geometric means, including a correction factor appropriate to each particular type of soil. Differences were observed between BCFs calculated for each climate region: humid tropical (HTR) and temperate (TE), which the first one presented the highest values to BCF in leaves and the lowest BCF values for root, except Ni, compared to second one. The soil concentrations with the highest risk were fou...Continue Reading

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