Biodegradation of Jatropha curcas phorbol esters in soil

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
Rakshit K DevappaKlaus Becker

Abstract

Jatropha curcas seed cake is generated as a by-product during biodiesel production. Seed cake containing toxic phorbol esters (PEs) is currently used as a fertiliser and thus it is of eco-toxicological concern. In the present study the fate of PEs in soil was studied. Two approaches for the incorporation of PEs in soil were used. In the first, silica was bound to PEs, and in the second, seedcake was used. At day 0, the concentration of PEs in soil was 2.6 and 0.37 mg g(-1) for approach 1 and 2 respectively. PEs from silica bound PEs were completely degraded after 19, 12, 12 days (at 130 g kg(-1) moisture) and after 17, 9, 9 days (at 230 g kg(-1) moisture) at room temperature, 32 degrees C and 42 degrees C respectively. Similarly at these temperatures PEs from seed cake were degraded after 21, 17 and 17 days (at 130 g kg(-1) moisture) and after 23, 17, and 15 days (at 230 g kg(-1) moisture). Increase in temperature and moisture increased rate of PEs degradation. Using the snail (Physa fontinalis) bioassay, mortality by PE-amended soil extracts decreased with the decrease in PE concentration in soil. Jatropha PEs are biodegradable. The degraded products are innocuous.

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Citations

Aug 17, 2010·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Rakshit K DevappaKlaus Becker
Dec 4, 2012·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Alain Ratnadass, Michael Wink
Aug 29, 2013·Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture·Muhammad Aqeel AshrafMuhammad Abdur Rehman
Jun 25, 2013·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Xing-Hong WangChanghe Zhang
Jan 17, 2012·Fitoterapia·Joy S RoachKlaus Becker
Dec 29, 2013·Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry·Celia Eliane de Lara da SilvaEuclésio Simionatto
Jan 16, 2015·In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Animal·Guillaume PelletierRaymond Poon
Jul 9, 2016·Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture·Naphatsarnan PhasukarratchaiChantra Tongcumpou
Mar 3, 2018·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Taisa G GomesRobert N G Miller

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