Biofilm Antimicrobial Susceptibility Increases With Antimicrobial Exposure Time

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
Paulo CastanedaDerek Overstreet

Abstract

The antimicrobial concentration required to kill all the bacteria in a biofilm, known as the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), is typically determined in vitro by exposing the biofilm to serial concentrations of antimicrobials for 24 hours or less. Local delivery is expected to cause high local levels for longer than 24 hours. It is unknown if longer antimicrobial exposures require the same concentration to eradicate bacteria in biofilm. Questions/purposes Does MBEC change with increased antimicrobial exposure time? Biofilms were grown for 24 hours using five pathogens (methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and then exposed to four antimicrobials regimens: tobramycin, vancomycin, and tobramycin combined with vancomycin in 3:1 and 1:1 ratios by weight in concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 μg/mL for three durations, 1, 3, and 5 days, in triplicate. MBEC was measured as the lowest concentration that killed all bacteria in the biofilm determined by 21-day subculture. MBEC was lower when antimicrobial exposure time was longer. For the staphylococcus species, the ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 26, 2017·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Hyun KooLuanne Hall-Stoodley
Apr 1, 2018·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·Cory S KnechtDevendra H Dusane
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