Biogenesis and secretion of micronemes in Toxoplasma gondii

Cellular Microbiology
David J Dubois, Dominique Soldati-Favre

Abstract

One of the hallmarks of the parasitic phylum of Apicomplexa is the presence of highly specialised, apical secretory organelles, called the micronemes and rhoptries that play critical roles in ensuring survival and dissemination. Upon exocytosis, the micronemes release adhesin complexes, perforins, and proteases that are crucially implicated in egress from infected cells, gliding motility, migration across biological barriers, and host cell invasion. Recent studies on Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium species have shed more light on the signalling events and the machinery that trigger microneme secretion. Intracellular cyclic nucleotides, calcium level, and phosphatidic acid act as key mediators of microneme exocytosis, and several downstream effectors have been identified. Here, we review the key steps of microneme biogenesis and exocytosis, summarising the still fractal knowledge at the molecular level regarding the fusion event with the parasite plasma membrane.

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Citations

Dec 22, 2019·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Andreia Albuquerque-WendtFrançoise H Routier
May 11, 2020·Cellular Microbiology·Anat FlorentinVasant Muralidharan
Oct 9, 2019·Cellular Microbiology
Jan 8, 2020·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Jin-Lei WangXing-Quan Zhu
Oct 13, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Juliane SassmannshausenSandra Bennink
Nov 25, 2020·Parasites & Vectors·Márcia AttiasWanderley De Souza
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Jun 4, 2020·Trends in Parasitology·Nicolas Dos Santos PachecoDominique Soldati-Favre
Dec 29, 2020·Molecular Microbiology·Rouaa Ben ChaabeneDominique Soldati-Favre
May 5, 2021·Trends in Parasitology·Benjamin LiffnerDanny W Wilson
Jun 6, 2021·The FEBS Journal·Nils BäckBetty A Eipper
Aug 19, 2021·Nature Communications·Shrawan Kumar MageswaranYi-Wei Chang
Sep 5, 2021·Microbiology Spectrum·Ningning ZhaoXiaomin Zhao

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