Biogeographic regions and events of isolation and diversification of the endemic biota of the tropical Andes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Nicolas A HazziRubén Darío Palacio

Abstract

Understanding the spatial and temporal evolution of biota in the tropical Andes is a major challenge, given the region's topographic complexity and high beta diversity. We used a network approach to find biogeographic regions (bioregions) based on high-resolution species distribution models for 151 endemic bird taxa. Then, we used dated molecular phylogenies of 14 genera to reconstruct the area history through a sequence of allopatric speciation processes. We identified 15 biogeographical regions and found 26 events of isolation and diversification within their boundaries that are independently confirmed with disjunct distributions of sister taxa. Furthermore, these events are spatially congruent with six geographical barriers related to warm and/or dry river valleys, discontinuities in elevation, and high peaks separating fauna from different range slopes. The most important barrier is the Marañon River Valley, which limits the boundaries of four bioregions and is congruent with eight phylogenetic distribution breaks, separating the Central and Northern Andes, where the most bioregions are found. We also show that many bioregions have diffuse and overlapping structures, with contact and transition zones that challenge previous...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 5, 2019·Molecular Ecology·Melissa Rincon-SandovalJavier A Maldonado-Ocampo
Sep 14, 2019·Science·Carsten RahbekJon Fjeldså
Dec 26, 2018·Frontiers in Plant Science·Andrés J CortésSantiago Madriñán
Jun 14, 2019·Ecology Letters·Rubén Bernardo-MadridEloy Revilla
Sep 29, 2019·Virus Evolution·Segundo FuentesAdrian J Gibbs
Apr 23, 2020·Journal of Phycology·Juan David González-TrujilloSergi Sabater
Aug 2, 2020·Communications Biology·Jiekun HeHaisheng Jiang
Mar 30, 2021·Global Ecology and Biogeography : a Journal of Macroecology·Alexander E WhiteTrevor D Price
Apr 18, 2021·The New Phytologist·Agnes S DellingerJürg Schönenberger
Jun 19, 2021·Ecology and Evolution·Sofía Zorrilla-AzcuéHernando Rodríguez-Correa
Oct 22, 2021·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Laura N Céspedes AriasNicholas J Bayly

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