Biological impact of divergent land management practices on tomato crop health

Phytopathology
Dan O ChellemiGreg Church

Abstract

Development of sustainable food systems is contingent upon the adoption of land management practices that can mitigate damage from soilborne pests. Five diverse land management practices were studied for their impacts on Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici), galling of roots by Meloidogyne spp. and marketable yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and to identify associations between the severity of pest damage and the corresponding soil microbial community structure. The incidence of Fusarium wilt was >14% when tomato was cultivated following 3 to 4 years of an undisturbed weed fallow or continuous tillage disk fallow rotation and was >4% after 3 to 4 years of bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) rotation or organic production practices that included soil amendments and cover crops. The incidence of Fusarium wilt under conventional tomato production with soil fumigation varied from 2% in 2003 to 15% in 2004. Repeated tomato cultivation increased Fusarium wilt by 20% or more except when tomato was grown using organic practices, where disease remained less than 3%. The percent of tomato roots with galls from Meloidogyne spp. ranged from 18 to 82% in soil previously subjected to a weed fallow rotation and 7 to 15% in so...Continue Reading

References

Aug 30, 2001·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·A SessitschE Kandeler
Nov 1, 2001·Research in Microbiology·L Ranjard, A Richaume
Nov 10, 2001·Annual Review of Phytopathology·HAJ Hoitink, MJ Boehm
Mar 7, 2003·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Martina S GirvanAndrew S Ball
Mar 12, 2004·Annual Review of Phytopathology·W W Bockus, J P Shroyer
Jun 1, 1968·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·F W Went, N Stark

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