Biology of GM3 Ganglioside

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
Jin-Ichi InokuchiFumi Shishido

Abstract

Since the successful molecular cloning in 1998 of GM3 synthase (GM3S, ST3GAL5), the enzyme responsible for initiating biosynthesis of all complex gangliosides, the efforts of our research group have been focused on clarifying the physiological and pathological implications of gangliosides, particularly GM3. We have identified isoforms of GM3S proteins having distinctive lengths of N-terminal cytoplasmic tails, and found that these cytoplasmic tails define subcellular localization, stability, and in vivo activity of GM3S isoforms. Our studies of the molecular pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, focused on interaction between insulin receptor and GM3 in membrane microdomains, led to a novel concept: type 2 diabetes and certain other lifestyle-related diseases are membrane microdomain disorders resulting from aberrant expression of gangliosides. This concept has enhanced our understanding of the pathophysiological roles of GM3 and related gangliosides in various diseases involving chronic inflammation, such as insulin resistance, leptin resistance, and T-cell function and immune disorders (e.g., allergic asthma). We also demonstrated an essential role of GM3 in murine and human auditory systems; a common pathological feature of GM3S ...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 4, 2019·Diabetes·Daniela Herrera Moro ChaoChun-Xia Yi
Jan 10, 2020·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Feng QiJianguo Gu
Mar 19, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Daphne E C BoerJohannes M F G Aerts
Sep 5, 2020·Metabolites·Giovana Colozza MecattiPatrícia de Oliveira Carvalho
Aug 1, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Kei-Ichiro Inamori, Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
Dec 24, 2019·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Johannes M F G AertsR G Boot
Sep 2, 2020·The Biochemical Journal·Andrea GhiroldiLuigi Anastasia
Jan 12, 2021·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·Andrés A HerradaMatthias Piesche
Sep 19, 2019·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Meiying AoYong Chen
Dec 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Berkan SavasMario Ollero
Mar 7, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Eric HajduchFabienne Foufelle
Mar 25, 2021·Current Protocols·Yuanyuan BaiXi Chen
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Akira MinamiTakashi Suzuki
May 3, 2021·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Biomembranes·Mikito NakanoMichio Murata

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