Biomarkers of kidney integrity in children and adolescents with dental amalgam mercury exposure: findings from the Casa Pia children's amalgam trial.

Environmental Research
James S WoodsAnna M Korpak

Abstract

Mercury is toxic to the kidney, and dental amalgam is a source of mercury exposure. Few studies have evaluated the effects of dental amalgam on kidney function in a longitudinal context in children. Here, we evaluated urinary concentrations of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) alpha and pi as biomarkers of renal proximal and distal tubular integrity, respectively, and albumin as a biomarker of glomerular integrity in children and adolescents 8-18 years of age over a 7-year course of dental amalgam treatment. Five hundred seven children, 8-12 years of age at baseline, participated in a clinical trial to evaluate the neurobehavioral and renal effects of dental amalgam in children. Subjects were randomized to either dental amalgam or resin composite treatments. Urinary GSTs alpha and pi, albumin, and creatinine concentrations were measured at baseline and annually in all subjects. Results were evaluated using linear regression analysis. GST-alpha concentrations were similar between treatment groups and in each sex and race (white vs. non-white) group in each follow-up year. GST-pi levels tended upward over the course of follow-up by four- to six-fold. This increase was seen in all groups irrespective of the treatment, race, or gen...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

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Citations

Aug 8, 2013·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Kim CroesYue Gao
Oct 16, 2015·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Darcy K WeidemannJeffrey J Fadrowski
Jun 12, 2012·The Science of the Total Environment·Iman Al-SalehRola Elkhatib
Aug 14, 2021·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Helen V WorthingtonMaría Graciela Rasines Alcaraz

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