Biomonitoring of chlorpyrifos exposure and health risk assessment among applicators on rice farms in Ghana.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
Albert AtabilaCordia Chu

Abstract

Chlorpyrifos is a neurotoxic insecticide that is widely used in the agricultural sector of Ghana. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of chlorpyrifos exposure and health risk among applicators (n = 21) on irrigated rice farms in Ghana, based on a typical application event. Pre- and post-application urine samples (24-h) were collected from the applicators and analysed for 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), using LC-MS/MS. The levels of chlorpyrifos-absorbed dose with the applicators were estimated from the urinary TCP levels. Prior to application, the median absorbed dose of chlorpyrifos (background exposure) with the applicators was 0.2 μg/kg/day (range 0.05 to 2 μg/kg/day). Following application, the median absorbed dose of chlorpyrifos (application exposure) increased 30-fold to 6 μg/kg/day (range 0.7 to 74 μg/kg/day). The mean elimination half-life (t1/2) of chlorpyrifos was calculated to be 50 h. Hazard quotient (HQ) values (HQ > 1) obtained with the chronic (10 μg/kg/day) and acute (100 μg/kg/day) guideline values of the WHO suggested no risk of chronic or acute health effects, respectively, among both the median and 5% highly exposed groups. However, HQ values (HQ > 1) obtained with the chronic (0....Continue Reading

References

Mar 30, 1984·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·R J NolanJ H Saunders
May 26, 1999·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·P GriffinJ Cocker
Apr 25, 2000·Human & Experimental Toxicology·P GriffinJ Cocker
Jan 5, 2002·Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics·S L Beal
Mar 12, 2004·Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology·Ryan L WilliamsRobert I Krieger
Jul 9, 2004·Environmental Health Perspectives·Robin M WhyattFrederica P Perera
Dec 17, 2004·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·P L Toutain, A Bousquet-Mélou
Jan 1, 2005·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·Wim J A MeulingJoop J van Hemmen
Apr 22, 2005·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·K C DowlingR I Krieger
May 19, 2005·Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology·Beth A BakerPamela Chapman
Sep 22, 2005·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Isabelle BaldiPierre Marquet
Dec 6, 2005·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·P AmoahW J Ntow
Dec 13, 2005·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Lucio G Costa
Mar 30, 2006·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Bruce H AlexanderBeth A Baker
Oct 10, 2006·Preventive Medicine·Mark D MillerUNKNOWN California Environmental Protection Agency
Nov 17, 2006·Environmental Health Perspectives·Richard AlbertiniHarold Zenick
Nov 17, 2006·Environmental Health Perspectives·Dana B Barr, Jürgen Angerer
Dec 16, 2006·International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health·Teresa RodríguezRichard A Fenske
Dec 8, 2007·Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA·Chen-Chang Yang, Jou-Fang Deng
Feb 5, 2008·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Deanna P ScherJohn L Adgate
Aug 22, 2008·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·David H GarabrantJames W Albers
Aug 30, 2008·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·David L EatonPeter S Spencer
Sep 12, 2008·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Matteo VitaliMaurizio Guidotti
Oct 29, 2008·The Science of the Total Environment·Parinya PanuwetDana B Barr
Dec 5, 2008·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Berit BakkeRoel Vermeulen
Jan 1, 2006·Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods·G Prabhavathy DasM F Rahman
Mar 3, 2010·Neurotoxicology·Fayssal M FarahatW Kent Anger
Jan 13, 2011·Environmental Health Perspectives·Fayssal M FarahatJames R Olson
Aug 13, 2011·Occupational Medicine·J CockerR J Cotton
Jan 3, 2012·Chemosphere·Dung Tri PhungCordia Chu
May 2, 2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Virginia A RauhBradley S Peterson
May 17, 2012·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Dung Tri PhungCordia Chu
Jul 31, 2012·Talanta·Elham Mohabbati-KalejahiAhmad Ganbari
Oct 3, 2012·International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health·Richard A FenskeJames R Olson
Mar 9, 2013·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Dung Tri PhungCordia Chu
Jul 3, 2013·Pest Management Science·BeiBei GaoDongMei She
Jun 23, 2015·Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine : AAEM·Dung Tri PhungCordia Chu
Jan 23, 2016·Journal of Environmental and Public Health·Memuna M MattahGodfred Futagbi
Mar 25, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Mustapha F A JallowBinson M Thomas
Mar 25, 2017·Chemosphere·Albert AtabilaCordia Chu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 12, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Gadah AlbasherAhmed E Abdel Moneim
Feb 26, 2020·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Erika NorénChristel Nielsen
Dec 15, 2020·Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering·Andrea Luca TascaMonica Puccini
Jul 15, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Albert AtabilaCordia Chu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.