Biphasic in vivo immune function after low- versus high-dose alcohol consumption

Alcohol
C L MendenhallS D Rouster

Abstract

A series of experiments was performed to assess the alterations in immune status in vivo that are associated with differences in the amount and duration of ethanol intake. Using a nonspecific delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity-like response to the intradermal injection of phytohemagglutinin, the area of induration (skin test response) was significantly enhanced (p = 0.008) after low-dose ethanol (0.5 g/kg) administered daily by gastric gavage for 5 days. High-dose ethanol (6.0 g/kg) significantly diminished this response (p = 0.03). Using an experimental model of Mycobacterium bovis hepatitis, the host immune response was also altered in a biphasic manner after chronic, 28-day ethanol consumption. With this model 0.43 +/- 0.03 g/kg/day (mean +/- SEM) of ethanol (low dose) was associated with a 40% improvement in the removal of the organisms from liver tissue (p = 0.002). High dose (12.1 +/- 0.5 g/kg/day) impaired removal, resulting in a 55% increase in the number of viable organisms (p = 0.001). The levels of three cytokines, MIF, TNF-alpha, and IL-2, known to be involved in the modulation of the host response to mycobacterial infections, were measured in sera after the infection. The serum levels of these cytokines in response...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 16, 2007·Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry·J RomeoA Marcos
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