Bipolar pollen germination in blue spruce (Picea pungens)

Protoplasma
M A BreyginaAnastasia Evmenyeva

Abstract

Direct growth of a pollen tube is an effective mechanism of sperm delivery characteristic for the majority of seed plants. In most cases, only one tube grows from one grain to perform the delivery function; meanwhile in Picea the appearance of two tubes from a single pollen grain is quite common during in vitro germination. Here, we describe the phenomenon of bipolar germination and test two hypotheses on its nature and possible role in gametophyte functioning. The hypothesis on "trophic" function of multiple tubes provoked by poor nutrition discussed in literature was not confirmed by in vitro growth tests; bipolar germination strongly decreased with lowering sucrose availability. The highest proportion of bipolar germination occurred in optimal conditions. We then assumed that bipolar germination occurs because turgor pressure is a non-directional force and effective systems of cell wall mechanical regulation are lacking. In hypertonic medium, bipolar germination was sufficiently lower than in isotonic medium, which was consistent with prediction of the «mechanical» hypothesis. Scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy analysis of pollen morphology and cell wall dynamics during both types of germination showed ...Continue Reading

References

Feb 26, 2004·Annals of Botany·L M StoneJ A McComb
Jun 29, 2007·Trends in Plant Science·Paula J Rudall, Richard M Bateman
Aug 6, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Joseph H Williams
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Apr 6, 2018·Plant Reproduction·Nikita MaksimovIgor Yermakov

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Citations

Aug 1, 2020·Protoplasma·Aslıhan Çetinbaş-Genç, Filiz Vardar
Jan 13, 2021·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Paula J Rudall
Jan 26, 2021·Plant Reproduction·Alexandra PodolyanMaria Breygina
Dec 17, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Maria Breygina, Ekaterina Klimenko
Jul 3, 2021·Plants·Maria BreyginaOlga Schekaleva

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electron microscopy
fluorescence microscopy

Software Mentioned

Zeiss
AxioVision

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